New Publication by CBEE Alumni
Dr. Yun Jiao, PhD '21 Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
Dr. Yun Jiao, PhD '21 chemical and biochemical engineering, has a new paper, based on her doctoral research, "Brain injury accelerates the onset of a reversible age-related microglial phenotype associated with inflammatory neurodegeneration", which was published in the ScienceAdvances.
The article is available here:
Abstract
Lipofuscin is an autofluorescent (AF) pigment formed by lipids and misfolded proteins, which accumulates in postmitotic cells with advanced age. Here, we immunophenotyped microglia in the brain of old C57BL/6 mice (>18 months old) and demonstrate that in comparison to young mice, one-third of old microglia are AF, characterized by profound changes in lipid and iron content, phagocytic activity, and oxidative stress. Pharmacological depletion of microglia in old mice eliminated the AF microglia following repopulation and reversed microglial dysfunction. Age-related neurological deficits and neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury (TBI) were attenuated in old mice lacking AF microglia. Furthermore, increased phagocytic activity, lysosomal burden, and lipid accumulation in microglia persisted for up to 1 year after TBI, were modified by APOE4 genotype, and chronically driven by phagocyte-mediated oxidative stress. Thus, AF may reflect a pathological state in aging microglia associated with increased phagocytosis of neurons and myelin and inflammatory neurodegeneration that can be further accelerated by TBI.
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Dr. Yun Jiao, PhD '21 chemical and biochemical engineering, has a new paper, based on her doctoral research, "Brain injury accelerates the onset of a reversible age-related microglial phenotype...
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alumni
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spring-2023
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Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering
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Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering
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Wed, 12 Jul 2023 12:17:39 -0400
Mon, 29 Apr 2024 11:53:44 -0400
New Publication by CBEE Alumni
Dr. Michael H. Zhang, PhD '21
Dr. Michael H. Zhang, PhD '21 chemical and biochemical engineering has a new paper, based on his doctoral research, "Lipid–Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles Utilize B Cells and Dendritic Cells to Elicit Distinct Antigen-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Cell Responses", which was published in the ACS Applied Bio Materials.
The article is available here:
Abstract
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are widely studied for treating immune-mediated diseases, and dendritic cells (DCs) are potent APCs that uptake and present antigens (Ags). However, DCs face several challenges that hinder their clinical translation due to their inability to control Ag dosing and low abundance in peripheral blood. B cells are a potential alternative to DCs, but their poor nonspecific Ag uptake capabilities compromise controllable priming of T cells. Here, we developed phospholipid-conjugated Ags (L-Ags) and lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles (L/P-Ag NPs) as delivery platforms to expand the range of accessible APCs for use in T cell priming. These delivery platforms were evaluated using DCs, CD40-activated B cells, and resting B cells to understand the impacts of various Ag delivery mechanisms for generation of Ag-specific T cell responses. L-Ag delivery (termed depoting) of MHC class I- and II-restricted Ags successfully loaded all APC types in a tunable manner and primed both Ag-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, respectively. Incorporating L-Ags and polymer-conjugated Ags (P-Ag) into NPs can direct Ags to different uptake pathways to engineer the dynamics of presentation and shape T cell responses. DCs were capable of processing and presenting Ag delivered from both L- and P-Ag NPs, yet B cells could only utilize Ag delivered from L-Ag NPs, which led to differential cytokine secretion profiles in coculture studies. Altogether, we show that L-Ags and P-Ags can be rationally paired within a single NP to leverage distinct delivery mechanisms to access multiple Ag processing pathways in two APC types, offering a modular delivery platform for engineering Ag-specific immunotherapies.