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By systematic analysis of patient cases, we evaluated the clinical utility of open-source large language models (LLMs), such as the DeepSeek models, for implementation in medical applications. Their performance on clinical decision-making tasks was comparable to and partly better than proprietary models GPT-4o and Gemini-2.0 Flash Thinking Experimental, respectively.
To facilitate the safe and effective implementation of autonomous artificial intelligence agents in healthcare, regulatory frameworks must evolve beyond static device paradigms to incorporate adaptive oversight and flexible pathways.
In a prospective study including 2,300 pediatric and adult patients with liquid and solid tumors, RNA sequencing provided actionable molecular information in 87% of cases, with applications in diagnostics and therapy matching.
This Review summarizes the current knowledge on mortality-defining toxicities of chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies beyond cytokine-release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome. The authors discuss underlying mechanisms and how these affect timing and management, and outline key unmet needs and future priorities.
In this multicenter phase 1 trial, treatment with IBI343, a CLDN18.2-targeting antibody–drug conjugate, was safe and showed encouraging clinical responses in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.
In this multicenter phase 1 trial, patients with advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer were safely treated with the CLDN18.2-targeting antibody–drug conjugate SHR-A1904, leading to encouraging objective response rates.
A new Global Neurodegeneration Proteomics Consortium provides a wealth of data to boost mechanistic understanding, biomarker research and drug development during aging and in neurodegenerative diseases — and dementia in particular.
Over 11,000 plasma and cerebrospinal fluid proteomic samples reveal that the APOE ε4 genetic variant is associated with a systemic pro-inflammatory signature in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases.
Deep phenotyping of an ancestrally diverse group of 13,000 individuals in the Human Phenotype Project highlights diversity and variations in lifestyle factors, clinical features and molecular signatures of health and disease.
Large-scale plasma proteomics of 10,527 samples from the Global Neurodegeneration Proteomics Consortium identified shared and disease-specific pathways in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and frontotemporal dementia.
Proteomic analysis of paired cerebrospinal fluid and plasma samples from 2,171 individuals drawn from multiple cohorts, including the Global Neurodegeneration Proteomics Consortium, reveals age-related changes in the ratios of proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma that are associated with cognitive function, enhancing understanding of blood–brain barrier dynamics in aging.
The largest harmonized proteomic dataset of plasma, serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples across major neurodegenerative diseases reveals both disease-specific and transdiagnostic proteomic signatures, including a robust plasma profile associated with the APOEε4 genotype.
Transplantation of pig kidneys into patients is entering clinical trials, but important scientific questions need to be addressed before kidney xenotransplantation can become an everyday clinical reality.
This Review discusses the scientific and technological breakthroughs reshaping transplant medicine, with a focus on the transformative role of artificial intelligence, xenotransplantation and tissue engineering as new sources of organs, and novel approaches to immunosuppression.
Analyses of the exposomes of populations across 40 countries found global disparities in healthy aging attributed to diverse biological, socioeconomic and political factors, with accelerated aging seen in populations from Egypt, South Africa, and Latin American and Caribbean regions.
The antisense oligonucleotide rugonersen has acceptable safety and tolerability in children with Angelman syndrome and shows partial normalization of electroencephalogram abnormalities and clinical improvements relative to natural history.
